大學英語語法 之 過去將來時和過去將來完成時的被動語態的講解與練習
一、過去將來時被動語態
1.句子結構：
①would 動詞原形 ②was/were going to 動詞原形
2.用法：
表示從過去看在將來某個時候以前發生的被動動作，過去將來時常用于描述過去某時間里你對于未來的想法。猜想正確與否并無多大關系。
e.g.I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.
I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally.
注：這種時態常用于賓語從句中，且賓語從句前面的主句謂語動詞通常是過去時態，如一般過去時或過去完成時。
e.g.I knew that a house would be bought by my sister.
I believed that a letter was going to be written to Tom by Jack.
二、過去將來完成時的被動語態
1.句子構成：would have been done
2.用法
過去將來完成時的被動語態是用的相對較少的一種語態，它表示從過去觀點看將來某時某刻某個動作已經被完成的一種狀態。通常主要用于轉述方面，即用于間接引語中。
e.g.He told me he would have finished it by the end of the next month.
三、過去將來時的被動語態和過去將來完成時的被動語態的區別
1.過去將來完成時的被動語態和過去將來時的被動語態在時間上是一致的，都表示過去某段時間看將來的要被做的事情，過去將來完成時更強調的是“完成”，某件事在過去的時間看將來的事情已經完成了。
e.g.I thought some bad things would have been told to our teacher by Tom.
He knew by the time he arrived everything would have been prepared for him.
2.過去將來時的被動語態單單指的是過去的時間看將來的被做的事情。
e.g.Whenever we had trouble, we would have been helped by him.
He told his mother his homework would have been finished by ten o'clock.
跟蹤練習
過去將來時的被動語態
1.She said that his homework______soon. (finish)
2.Tom said his work______the next day.(do)
3.David said he______if he finished his homework.(not blame)
4.Mary said the project______by the time we reached there.(finish)
5.Tony said that some new factories______soon in our city.(build)
6.He thought that your watch______after an hour.(mend)
7.He said that something______to finish the task next week.(need)
8.It was said that they______by lottery next Monday.(select)
答案：would be finished, would be done, wouldn't be blamed, would be finished, would be built,
was going to be mended, would be needed, would be selected
過去將來完成時的被動語態
1.I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software______, but I was wrong.(develop)
2.He said that the garden shed______by nine o’clock.(clean)
3.He said his work______by him the next day.(finish)
4.John said the letter______by supper.(write)
5.He said the rice______if he had been more careful.(not burn)
6.He promised the work______before I came back. (finish)
7.He told us the proposal______by then.(approve)
8.I thought the little cat______before 5 o’clock.(feed)
答案：would have been developed, would have been cleaned, would have been finished,
would have been written, would not have been burned，would have been finished,
would have been approved，would have been fed
